C Programming Tutorial

Computer Tutorial

Introduction & History of C Constants & there Types Variables & there Types C Keywords Data Type in C C - Operators First Program in C

Decision Control Statements The if statement Multiple if statement The if-else statement Ternary operator ( ? ) goto statement switch statement

Loops in C The While loop The do-while loop The for loop Nesting of Loops Break & Continue Statement

Array in C » Declaration of an Array » Entering Data into an Array » Reading Data from an Array » Array Elements in Memory » Passing Array Elements to a Function » Passing an Entire Array to a Function » Two-Dimensional Arrays » Initialising a 2-D Array » Reading Data from 2-D Array » Memory Map of 2-D Array » Three-Dimensional Array

Pointer in C Pointer Variables Declaration Pointer Operators

String in C Pointers and Strings String Functions strlen( ) Function strcpy( ) Function strcat( ) Function strcmp( ) Function

Function in C Function Prototypes declaration Call by Value Call by Reference Returning Values Recursion

Structure in C Declaring a Structure Accessing Structure Members Structure Assignments Arrays of Structures Passing Structures to Functions Structure Pointers Uses of Structures

Union in C Difference Between Structure and Union

File Handling in C File Operations Opening a File Reading from a File Trouble in Opening a File Closing the File Writing to a File File Opening Modes File Handling Functions

Additional Tutorials on C

Objective Question on C

Array Elements in Memory

Array Elements in Memory

When we declare an array in C, they can reserved the memory immediately as per there size.

Eg- int arr[8] ;
It can reserved 16 bytes in memory, 2 bytes each for the 8 integers (under Windows/Linux the array would occupy 32 bytes as each integer would occupy 4 bytes). And since the array is not being initialized, all eight values present in it would be garbage values. This so happens because the storage class of this array is assumed to be auto. If the storage class is declared to be static then all the array elements would have a default initial value as zero.

Diagram to show the functionality of The for loop

Arrangement of array elements in memory

Remember the following things about Array

» An array is a collection of similar elements.
» The first element in the array is numbered 0, so the last element is 1 less than the size of the array.
» An array is also known as a subscripted variable.
» Before using an array its type and dimension must be declared.
» However big an array its elements are always stored in contiguous memory locations. This is a very important point which we would discuss in more detail later on.

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