Important Battles

Important Battles

Name of the Battle	Year	Countries involved
Battle of Marathon	490 BC	Athenians and Persians. King Darius of Persia defeated
Battle of Thermoplaye	480 BC	Spartans led by Leonidas and Persians led by Xeroxes. Greeks defeated
Battle of Salamis	480 BC	Athenian fleet and Persian fleet in Bay of Salamis; Persian fleet defeated
Battle of Plates	479 BC	Greek and Persians forces; Persian forces defeated
Battle of Mycale	479 BC	Greek and Persian fleets; Persian fleet defeated
Spartan War I	459 BC	Sparta and Athens, lasted for 30 years
Spartan War II	431 BC	Sparta and Athens; Spartans victorious
Battle of Arabia	331 BC	Greek and Persian forces; Greeks victorious
Battle of Magnesia	190 BC	Syrian and Roman forces; Syrian forces defeated (north-west Lydia)
Battle of Pharasalus	48 AD	Caesar defeated Pompey
Pharasalus Battle of Hastings	1066	William, the Duke of Normandy defeated Harold the King of England. England came under the control of Normans
Hundred-Year War	1338 - 1453	Fought between France and England The cause of the war was the succession question to the throne of France which was claimed by Edward III of England. The war was resumed by Henry V and was brought to an end by the heroism of Joan of Arc— A country girl who overthrew the power of England . Joan of Arc was burnt alive at the stakes in 1431
War of the Roses	1455 - 1485	Civil War in England; The cause of the war was a struggle for the throne of England between the two royal houses of Lancaster and York
Anglo-Spanish War	1588	Spanish and English fleets fought in the English Channel. The English fleet under Lord Howard defeated of the Spanish Armada
Battle of Gibraltar Way	1607	The Dutch defeated the Spanish and Portuguese
Thirty-Year War	1618 - 1648	Started as religious-cum-political war between the Lutherans and Catholics in Germany and developed into an international war
Civil War in England	1642 - 1649	Between Cavaliers (King Charles I of Parliament led by Oliva Cromwell King Charles executed
Battle of Blenheim	1704	England and Austria headed by Marlborough defeated
War of Austrian Succession	1740 - 1748	Queen of Austria, Maria Theresa (daughter of Charles VII ) was challenged by King Frederick II of Prussia, England supported the queen and Frederick II was helped by France. Ended with a Treaty which recognized the Queen’s right to the throne after the death of King Frederick.
Seven-Year War (Anglo-French War III)	1756-1763	Britain and France against Austria and Prussia; the british alliance won

Name of the Battle	Year	Countries involved
Battle of the Nile	1798	British and French fleets, Britain victorious
Battle of Trafelgar	1805	British fleets of France and Spain. British commanded by Admiral Nelson. who was killed during the battle
Battle of Austerliz	1805	Britain, Asutria, Russia and Prussia on one side and France on the other. Neoleon ( France ) defeated Austria and Russia
Battle of Borodino	1812	Between France and Russia. Napolean invaded WM at Borodino, and nearly defeated the Russians, However on reaching Moscow, his army suffered heavy losses and was forced to retreat. Napolean's ill-fated attack on Russia marked the beginning of the downfall of the French Empire
Battle of Leipzig	1813	Germany and combined forces of Austria, Prussia and Russia, defeated Napoleon
Battle of Waterloo	1815	British forces led by Duke of Wellington (Sir.Arthur Wellesly) defeated French forces led by Napolean Napolean was captured and exiled to St. Helena where he died in 1821
First Opium War	1840	China and Britain; Chinese yielded opium. It was a trade war
Crimean War	1854 - 1856	The combined forces of the British, French and Turks defeated Russia
American Civil War	1861-1865	Northern states of America under Abraham Lincon defeated the Southern states and established a Federalstate and abolished the slavery.
Sino-Japanese War	1894-1895	Japan defeated China and occupied Formosa and Korea
Battle of Omdurman	1898	The British and Egyptian forces defeated the forces of Khalifa (Mehdists)
Boer War	1899 - 1901	The revolt of Transvaal Boers was suppressed by the British forces. Boers belonged to Dutch Protestant stock who opposed Britishers because of abolition of slavery by Britain.
Russo-Japanese War	1904-1905	Russia and Japan in the sea of Japan. Russia defeated; It led the wave of the idea of Asian Resurgence.
Balkan War I	1912	Turkey and Balkan countries (Montenegro, Serbia, Bulgaria and Greece), Turkey defeated.
Balkan War II	1913	Invasion of Serbia and Greece by Bulgaria.Bulgaria was defeated by combined forces of Serbia, Greece, Rumania, Montengro who stripped Turkey of most of Its European territories
World War I	1914 - 1918	Central Powers (Germany and its allies) against the Allied Powers (Britain and its allies); Central Power were defeated. Famous Battles : 1. First battle of Marne (1914) — France defeated Germany 2. Battle of Jutland (1916)— Naval battle between England and Germany. England defeated Germany 3. Battle of Verdun (1916) — Fought between France & Germany 4. Second battle of Marne (1918) — France defeated Germany
World War II	1939 - 1945	Axis Powers (Germany and its allies) against the Allied Powers (Britain and its allies); Axis Powers were defeated. Famous Battle : Battle of El Alamein (1942) — The Allies victory during the World War II and retreat of General Rommel's forces