Indian Economy
General Knowledge

Development and employment programmes



Development and employment programmes

Programme/Plan/Institution Year of beginning Objective/Description
Community Development Programme (CDP) 1952 Over all development of rural area with people's participation.
Intensive Agriculture Development Programme (IADP) 1960-61 To provide loan, seeds, fertilizer tools to the farmers.
Intensive Agriculture Area Programme (IAAP) 1964-65 To develop the Special harvests.
High Yielding Variety Programme (HYVP) 1966-67 To increase productivity of food grains by adopting latest varieties of inputs for crops.
Indian Tourism Development Corporation (ITDC) Oct. 1966 To arrange for the construction of Hotels and Guest houses at variou splaces of the country.
Green Revolution 1966-67 To increase the food grains, specially wheat production (Credit goes to Dr. M.S. Swaminathan in India and Nobel laureate Dr. Norman Borlaug in the world).
Nationalisation of 14 Banks 19 July 1969 To provide loans for agriculture, rural development and other priority sectors.
Employment Guarantee Scheme of Maharashtra 1972-73 To assist the economically weaker
Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) 1972-73 For providing drinking water in the villages
Small Farmer Development Agency (SFDA) 1974-75 For technical and financial assistance
Command Area Development Programme (CADP) 1974-75 To ensure better and rapid utilisation of irrigation capacities of medium and large projects.
Twenty Point Programme (TPP) 1975 Poverty eradication and raising the standard of living.
National Institution of Rural Development (NIRD) 1977 Training, investigation and advisory organisation for rural development.
Desert Development Programme (DDP) 1977-78 For controlling the desert expasion and maintaining environmental balance.
Food for Work Programme (FWP) 1977-78 Providing food grains to labour for the works of development.
Antyodaya Yojana 1977-78 To make the poorest families of the village economically independent (only in Rajasthan State).
Training Rural Youth for Self- Employment (TRYSEM) August 15, 1979 Programme of training rural youth for self-employment.
Integrated Rural Development Programme (IRDP) October 2, 1980 All-round development of the rural poor through a programme of asset endowment for self-employment.
National Rural Employment Programme (NREP) 1980 To provide profitable employment opportunities to the rural poor.
Development of Women and Children in Rural Areas (DWCRA) September 1982 To provide suitable opportunities of self-employment to the women belonging to the rural families who are living below the poverty line.
Rural Landless Employment Guarantee Programme (RLEGP) August 15, 1993 For providing employment to landless farmers and labourers.
Self-Employment to the Educated Unemployed Youth (SEEUY) 1983-84 To provide financial and technical assistance for self-employment.
Farmer Agriculture Service Centre's (FASC's) 1983-84 To popularise the use of improved agricultural instruments and tool kits.
National Fund for Rural Development (NFRD) 1984 To grant 100% tax rebate to donors and also to provide financial assistance for rural development projects.
Industrial Reconstruction Bank of India March 1985 To provide financial assistance to sick and closed industrial units for their reconstruction.
Comprehensive Crop Insurance Scheme April 1, 1985 For insurance of agricultural crops.
Council for Advancement of People's Actionand Rural Technology (CAPART) (H.Q.- New Delhi) Sep. 1, 1986 To provide assistance for rural prosperity.
Self-Employment Programme for the Urban Poor (SEPUP) Sep.1986 To provide self-employment to urban poor through provision of subsidy and bank credit.
Formation of Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI) April 1988 To safeguard the interest of investors in capital market and to regulate share market.
Jawahar Rozgar Yojana April 1, 1989 For providing employment to rural unemployed.
Nehru Rozgar Yojana October 1989 For providing employment to urban unemployed.
Agriculture and Rural Debt Relief Scheme (ARDRS) 1990 To exempt bank loans upto Rs. 10,000 of rural artisans and weavers.
Scheme of Urban Micro Enterprises (SUME) 1990 To assist the urban poor people for small enterprise.
Scheme of Urban Wage Employment (SUWE) 1990 To provide wages employment after arranging the basic facilities for poor people in the urban areas where population is less than one lakh.
Scheme of Housing and and Shelter Upgradation (SIIASU) 1990 To provide employment by means of shelter upgradation in the urban areas where population is between 1 to 20 lakh.
Supply of Improved Toolkits to Rural Artisans July 1992 To supply modem toolkits to the rural craftsmen except the weavers, tailors, embroiders and tobacco labourers who are living below the poverty line.
Employment Assurance Scheme (EAS) October 2,1993 To provide employment of at least 100 days in a year in villages.
Members of Parliament Local Area Development Scheme (MPLADS) December 23, 1993 To sanction Rs. 5 crore per year to every Member of Parliament for various development works in their respective areas through DM of the district.
District Rural Development Agency (DRDA) 1993 To provide financial assistance for rural development.
Mahila Samridhi Yojana October 2, 1993 To encourage the rural women to deposit in Post Office Savings Account.

Programme/Plan/Institution Year of beginning Objective/Description
Prime Minister's Integrated Urban Poverty Eradication Programme (PMIUPEP) November 18,1995 To attack urban poverty in an integrated manner in 345 towns having population between 50,000 to 1 lakh.
Group Life Insurance Scheme in Rural Areas 1995-96 To provide insurance facilities to rural people on low premium
National Social Assistance Programme 1995 To assist people living below the poverty line.
Ganga Kalyan Yojana 1997-98 To provide financial assistance to farmers for exploring and developing ground and surface water resources.
Kasturba Gandhi Education Scheme August 15, 1997 To establish girls schools in districts having low female literacy rate.
Swarna Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana (SJSRY) December, 1997 To provide gainful employment to urban unemployed and under employed poor through self- employment or wage employment.
Bhagya Shree Bal Kalyan Policy Oct. 19, 1998 To uplift the girls conditions.
Rajrajeshwari Mahila Kalyan Yojana (RMKY) Oct. 19, 1998 To provide insurance protection to women.
Annapurna Yojana March 1999 To provide 10 kg. food grains to senior citizens (who do not get pension).
Swarna Jayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana (SJGSY) April 1999 For eliminating rural poverty and unemployment and promoting self- employment.
Jawahar Gram Samridhi Yojana (JGSY) April 1999 Creation of demand driven community village infrastructure
Jan Shree Bima Yojana Aug. 10, 2000 Providing Insurance Security to people living below the poverty line.
Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yojana 2000 To fulfil basic requirements in rural areas.
Antyodaya Anna Yojana Dec. 25, 2000 To provide food security to the poor.
Ashraya Bima Yojana June 2001 To provide compensation to labourers who have lost their employment.
Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) Dec. 25, 2000 To line all villages with Pucca Road.
Khetihar Mazdoor Bima Yojana 2001-2002 Insurance of Landless Agricultural workers.
Shiksha Sahyog Yojana 2001-2002 Education for Children below Poverty Line.
Sampurna Gramin Rojgar Yojana Sept. 25, 2001 Providing employment and food security to rural people.
Jai Prakash Narain Rojgar Guarantee Yojana Proposed in 2002-03 Budget Employment Guarantee in most poor districts.
Swajaldhara Yojana 2002 Started in Dec. 2002, for ensuring drinking water supply to all villages by 2004.
Hariyali Pariyojana 2003 Inaugurated on January 27, 2003 by the Prime Minister. It aims at tackling the problems of irrigation and drinking water, along with boosting tree plantation programme and fisheries developments in rural areas.
Social Security Pilot Scheme Jan. 23, 2004 Scheme for labourers of unorganised sector for providing family pension, insurance and medical.
Vande Matram Scheme Feb. 9, 2004 Major initiative in public-private partnership during pregnancy check-up.
National Food for Work Programme November 14, 2004 Inaugurated by the Prime Minister on November 14,2004. This programme is to be implemented initially in 150 districts of the country. It aims at providing 100 days' employment in a year to all able bodied unemployed rural folk.
Janani Suraksha Yojana April 12, 2005 Takes the place of National Maternity Benefit Scheme. It will be a part of the National Rural Health Mission (NRHM).
Bharat Nirman Yojana Dec. 16, 2005 Development of Rural infrastructure including six components: Irrigation, Water supply, Housing, Road, Telephone and Eelectricity.
National Rural Employment Guarantee Programme (NREGP) Feb. 2, 2006 The provisions are the same as for food for work programme. The scheme was enforced in 200 districts of the country to begin with. To provide at least 100 days wages employment in rural areas in a year. The scheme is 100% centrally sponsored.