Oxides of Carbon

Oxides of Carbon

Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide is formed when carbon or hydrocarbons are burned in a limited supply of oxygen.

        2C(s) + O₂(g) → 2CO(g)

It is a major air pollutant and is released in large quantities from automobile engines. Its low level poisoning causes headache and drowsiness, whereas its large amounts can cause even death. It is toxic because it reduces the oxygen carrying capacity of blood by binding with haemoglobin, the red pigment of blood.

Carbon dioxide

Carbon dioxide is formed when carbon containing substances are burnt in excess of oxygen.

        2C(s) + O₂(g) → 2CO(g)
        CH₄(g)+ 2O₂(g) → CO₂(g)+ 2H₂O

Uses of carbon dioxide :
» Solid carbon dioxide also called dry ice is used as a refrigerant because when it is cooled at atmospheric pressure, it condenses into a solid rather than as a liquid. This solid sublimes at -78°C.
» It is used in the production of carbonated drinks.
» It is used in the production of washing soda (Na₂CO₂.10H₂O)) and baking soda (NaHCO₃).