Types of Operating System

Types of Operating System

OS are classified into different types depending on their capability of processing :
1. Single user Operating System
2. Multiuser Operating System
3. Multitasking Operating System
4. Multiprocessing Operating System
5. Real time Operating System
6. Embedded Operating System

Single User and Single Task OS

Single User and Single Task OS is for use by a single user for a standalone single computer for performing a single task. Operating system for Personal Computers (PC) are single user OS. For example, if the user is editing a document, then a document cannot be printed on the printer simultaneously. Single user OS are simple operating system designed to manage one task at a time. MS-DOS is an example of single user OS.

Single User and Multitasking OS

Single User and Multitasking OS allows execution of more than one task or process concurrently. For this, the processor time is divided amongst different tasks. This division of time is also called time sharing. The processor switches rapidly between processes. For example, the user can listen to music on the computer while writing an article using a word processor software. The user can switch between the applications and also transfer data between them. Windows 95 and all later versions of Windows are examples of multitasking OS.

Multiuser OS

Multiuser OS is used in computer networks that allow same data and applications to be accessed by multiple users at the same time. The users can also communicate with each other. Linux, UNIX, and Windows 7 are examples of multiuser OS.

Multiprocessing OS

Multiprocessing OS have two or more processors for a single running process. Processing takes place in parallel and is also called parallel processing. Each processor works on different parts of the same task, or, on two or more different tasks. Since execution takes place in parallel, they are used for high speed execution, and to increase the power of computer. Linux, UNIX and Windows 7 are examples of multiprocessing OS.

Real Time OS

Real Time OS are designed to respond to an event within a predetermined time. These operating systems are used to control processes. Processing is done within a time constraint. OS monitors the events that affect the execution of process and respond accordingly. They are used to respond to queries in areas like medical imaging system, industrial control systems etc. Lynx OS is an example of real time OS.

Embedded OS

Embedded OS is embedded in a device in the ROM. They are specific to a device and are less resource intensive. They are used in appliances like microwaves, washing machines, traffic control systems etc.